Kenya is a diverse and adventure-filled country in East Africa, known for its wildlife safaris, stunning landscapes, vibrant culture, and beautiful coastline. Backpacking in Kenya is a fantastic way to explore both the natural wonders and local cultures of this beautiful country. Here’s a complete guide for travelers.
1. Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Kenya largely depends on what you want to experience:
- Dry Season (June to October): This is the best time for wildlife safaris, as animals congregate around water sources, and the iconic Great Migration in the Masai Mara occurs between July and October.
- Wet Season (November to May): The landscape is lush, and it's a great time for birdwatching and fewer crowds, though some roads in parks may become muddy.
- Beach Season (December to March): Ideal for visiting Kenya’s beautiful coast and enjoying beach activities.
2. Top Destinations
- Nairobi: Kenya’s capital and a hub for cultural activities, markets, and nightlife. Visit the Nairobi National Park, the David Sheldrick Wildlife Trust for orphaned elephants, and the Giraffe Centre.
- Masai Mara National Reserve: Famous for the Great Migration and abundant wildlife, including the Big Five (lion, leopard, elephant, buffalo, and rhino). A top safari destination.
- Mount Kenya National Park: Hike Africa’s second-highest mountain with stunning views and diverse wildlife. There are treks for both experienced and novice hikers.
- Lamu Island: A UNESCO World Heritage site with a rich Swahili culture, beautiful beaches, and car-free, narrow streets.
- Diani Beach: Known for white sandy beaches, clear turquoise waters, and plenty of water sports. It’s a great place to relax after a safari.
- Lake Nakuru National Park: Famous for its large flamingo population, rhino sanctuary, and scenic landscapes.
- Amboseli National Park: Offers breathtaking views of Mount Kilimanjaro and excellent elephant spotting opportunities.
- Hell's Gate National Park: A lesser-known park where you can walk or cycle among wildlife. It’s a unique, budget-friendly destination.
3. Budgeting & Costs
Kenya can be a relatively affordable destination for backpackers, but safari costs can add up. Here’s a general guide to help you plan:
- Accommodation: Ranges from KES 1,500-3,500 ($10-$25) for a dorm bed or basic guesthouse. Campsites are also common in national parks.
- Meals: Budget meals cost around KES 200-500 ($2-$5), while a meal at a mid-range restaurant might be KES 800-1,500 ($7-$13).
- Transport: Buses and matatus (minibuses) are affordable for long-distance travel, costing KES 500-1,500 ($4-$13) depending on distance.
- Safari Costs: Budget safaris can start at around KES 10,000-15,000 ($70-$100) per day, including park fees, accommodation, and meals.
4. Getting Around
- Matatus: The most common mode of transport, matatus are shared minibuses that operate between towns and within cities. They're cheap but can be crowded.
- Buses: Long-distance buses like Modern Coast, Easy Coach, and Simba Coach operate between major cities and towns.
- Taxis & Ride-Hailing Apps: Uber is available in Nairobi, Mombasa, and other major cities, along with local ride-hailing services like Bolt.
- Car Rentals: Renting a car is an option if you want flexibility. However, driving in Kenya can be challenging due to traffic and road conditions.
- Domestic Flights: If time is short, domestic flights (Kenya Airways, Fly540, Jambojet) are available between Nairobi and major destinations like Mombasa, Kisumu, and Lamu.
5. Safety Tips
Kenya is generally safe for tourists, but it's important to be aware of potential risks:
- Avoid walking alone at night: Especially in cities like Nairobi and Mombasa.
- Use registered taxis or ride-hailing apps: Always use official or well-known taxi services to ensure safety.
- Be cautious with your belongings: Pickpocketing can occur in crowded places like markets and bus stations.
- Stay informed: Political demonstrations can occur, especially in Nairobi. Avoid large crowds and stay informed about the local situation.
- Wildlife safety: If on a safari or in wildlife areas, always follow the advice of your guides.
6. Accommodation Options
- Hostels: Backpacker hostels are common in Nairobi, the coast, and near national parks. Many offer tours and safaris.
- Budget Guesthouses: Affordable guesthouses and lodges are widely available, offering clean rooms and basic amenities.
- Camping: Many national parks and beaches have campsites. You can rent gear or join organized camping tours.
- Couchsurfing: This is an option if you want to stay with locals and learn more about Kenyan culture.
7. Packing Essentials
- Clothing: Lightweight, breathable clothing for warm days, but bring layers for cooler evenings, especially if visiting high-altitude areas.
- Sturdy Shoes: Essential for walking safaris, hiking, and city exploration.
- Insect Repellent: To protect against mosquitoes, especially in areas with malaria risk.
- Sun Protection: Bring a wide-brimmed hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen.
- Travel Adapter: Kenya uses Type G plugs (UK-style).
- Day Pack: For safaris, hiking, and daily activities.
8. Top Activities
- Safari: Explore Kenya’s incredible national parks like Masai Mara, Amboseli, Tsavo, and Samburu. The Great Migration is one of the world’s most amazing natural spectacles.
- Hiking: Hike Mount Kenya for incredible views and challenging trails. Hell’s Gate is also a great option for less experienced hikers.
- Beach Adventures: Visit the pristine beaches of Diani, Watamu, and Lamu for snorkeling, diving, and kite surfing.
- Cultural Tours: Visit a Maasai village to learn about the traditions of one of Kenya’s most iconic ethnic groups. In Lamu, experience Swahili culture and architecture.
- Adventure Sports: Try white-water rafting on the Tana River, cycling in Hell’s Gate National Park, or bungee jumping near Sagana.
9. Wildlife and Nature
Kenya is home to incredible biodiversity and is one of the best places in the world for wildlife watching:
- Big Five Safaris: In parks like Masai Mara, Amboseli, and Tsavo, you’ll have the chance to see lions, leopards, elephants, rhinos, and buffalo.
- Birdwatching: Kenya is a paradise for birdwatchers with over 1,100 bird species. Visit Lake Nakuru, the Great Rift Valley, or Samburu National Reserve.
- Marine Life: Kenya’s coastline is home to coral reefs, dolphins, sea turtles, and whale sharks. Watamu Marine National Park is a top spot for snorkeling and diving.
10. Cultural Considerations
- Language: English and Swahili are widely spoken. Learning basic Swahili phrases like “Jambo” (Hello) and “Asante” (Thank you) is appreciated by locals.
- Respect Local Customs: Kenya is a conservative country, particularly in rural areas. Dress modestly, especially in towns and villages.
- Photography: Always ask for permission before photographing people, particularly in Maasai villages or other cultural settings.
- Tipping: It’s customary to tip around 10% in restaurants, as well as guides and porters on safaris and tours.
11. Visa Information
Many nationalities require a visa to enter Kenya. You can apply for an eVisa online before your trip. The visa is typically valid for 90 days. Check Kenya’s official immigration website for current visa requirements.
12. Health and Safety
- Vaccinations: Make sure your routine vaccinations are up to date. You may also need vaccines for Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Typhoid, and Yellow Fever.
- Malaria: Parts of Kenya, especially around the coast and national parks, are malaria-prone. Speak to your doctor about anti-malarial medication and bring mosquito repellent.
- Water: Drink bottled or purified water. Avoid drinking tap water outside of major cities.
- Travel Insurance: Make sure you have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies, including evacuation, especially if you’re going on safari.
13. Responsible Travel
- Support local businesses: Buy local crafts, stay at locally-owned lodges, and use community-based tourism services.
- Wildlife Protection: Respect the wildlife and don’t engage in activities that exploit animals, like riding elephants.
- Environmental Conservation: Reduce plastic use by carrying reusable water bottles and bags. Kenya has banned plastic bags, so bring alternatives.
14. Local Food to Try
- Ugali: A maize-based dish, similar to polenta, served with vegetables, meat, or fish.
- Nyama Choma: Grilled meat, usually goat or beef, popular throughout the country.
- Sukuma Wiki: A staple side dish of sautéed collard greens or kale.
- Samosas: Popular street food, filled with spiced vegetables or meat.
- Mandazi: Sweet, fried dough similar to donuts, often served with tea.
15. Important Apps to Download
- Google Maps: For
navigation, especially in cities.
- Uber/Bolt: For ride-hailing services in Nairobi and Mombasa.
- iOverlander: Useful for finding campsites and budget accommodation.
- Maps.Me: Offline maps for use in remote areas.
16. Sustainable Travel Tips
- Choose eco-friendly accommodations that focus on sustainable tourism and community support.
- Opt for walking or cycling tours to reduce your carbon footprint.
- Be mindful of wildlife conservation efforts and respect the local environment.
By using this guide, you’re set for an amazing adventure exploring Kenya’s rich wildlife, culture, and breathtaking landscapes! Safe travels!